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THE FALL OF CONSTANTINOPLE-END OF AN EMPIRE

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The Final assault began after midnight, into the 29th of May 1453. Wave after wave the attackers charged. Battle cries rang out, the sound of drums, trumpets and fifes, filled the air. The bells of the city churches began ringing frantically. Orders, screams and the sound of trumpets shattered the night. First came the irregulars, an unreliable, multinational crowd of Christians and Moslems, who were attracted by the opportunity of enriching themselves by looting the great city, the last capital of the Roman Empire. They attacked throughout the line of fortifications and they were massacred by the tough professionals, who were fighting under the orders of Giustiniani. The battle lasted two hours and the irregulars withdrew in disorder, leaving behind an unknown number of dead and wounded. Next came the Anatolian troops of Ishak Pasha. They tried to storm the stockades and they fought tenaciously, even desperately trying to break through the compact ranks of the defenders. ...
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Council of Florence

 The Council of Florence   The council was transferred to Florence on 10 January 1439 . There, in the session on 6 July 1439, the decree of union with the Greek church was approved. Subsequently decrees of union with the Armenian and Coptic churches were approved. Finally the council was transferred to Rome on 24 February 1443. What was the purpose of the Council of Florence in 1439? Council of Ferrara-Florence, ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic church (1438–45) in which  the Latin and Greek churches tried to reach agreement on their doctrinal differences and end the schism between them . What was the significance of the Council of Florence? One advantage, at least, resulted from the Council of Florence:  it proclaimed before both Latins and Greeks that the Roman pontiff was the foremost ecclesiastical authority in Christendom ; and Eugene IV was able to arrest the schism which had been threatening the Western Church anew (see COUNCIL OF BASLE). Who rejected t...
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THE FALL OF CONSTANTINOPLE

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Image = Aya_sofya, Hagia Sophia The Holy wisdom of God, Constantinople Brief History Constantinople was the largest and richest urban center in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea during the late Eastern Roman Empire, mostly as a result of its strategic position commanding the trade routes between the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea.   It would remain the capital of the eastern, Greek speaking empire for over a thousand years and it was the richest and largest European city, exerting a powerful cultural pull and dominating economic life in the Mediterranean. Visitors and merchants were especially struck by the beautiful monasteries and churches of the city, particularly Hagia Sophia, or the Church of Holy Wisdom. It was especially important for preserving manuscripts of Greek and Latin authors throughout a period when instability and disorder caused their mass destruction in Western Europe and North Africa. The cumulative influence of the city on the west, over the many centuri...
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